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HOLM- ancient Russian city at the confluence of the Lovat and Cunha . In the times of Ancient Rus zdes was a road " from the Vikings to the Greeks" , Old overland route " from Russia to Rusu " paths converge here from Great Bow , Toropets Ostashkova and Staraya Russa . Its name due to the high right bank of Lovat , Hill was not immediately apparent. Its predecessor was the wedge that is mentioned in the Novgorod Chronicle under the year 1234 . Placename "Wedge " kept up to date . During the time of the Novgorod Republic (XII-XV centuries . ) Hill as Great Luke , located on the border with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania , which was composed and Toropetskiy principality. Not one time the city was attacked , raided and burned Lithuanians, Poles and Swedes. Occasionally, he was forced to pay tribute to Lithuania. Under the name " Holmovskoy churchyard " Hill mentioned in the "Contract literacy Lithuanian Grand Duke Casimir the Great Novgorod region of the world 1440-1447 . " After the annexation of Novgorod to Moscow ( 1478) Kholmskaya land became part of the Russian centralized state. The will of John III ( 1504 ) Hill first called the city , but in written sources XVII-XVIII centuries before the conversion of the Hill in the county town , he continued to be referred to plant. In February 1581 Hill was captured by a detachment of troops Stefan Batory , as reflected in the third Novgorod Chronicle under the same year : " In the summer of 7089 . Took Lithuanian king hail Great Luke and Nevl and Zavolochye and Hill ..." According to Armistice 1582 , Hill was returned to Russia . The hardships endured by the Hill in the Time of Troubles in the early XVII . From 1606 to 25 April 1609 . city was ruled by the Polish-Lithuanian hosts, and then in the years 1612-1617 Hill was again under the occupation of the former allies of Moscow - the Swedes. In fifteen years of misery and deprivation city was razed to the ground until the end of the XVII century . not restored . In 1708 Hill became part of the province Velikolutskogo first St. Petersburg , Novgorod and then ( from 1727 ) , 2nd Belarus ( since 1772 ) and , finally, in 1777 the Pskov province . Since 1777 Kholmsky Posad - County cent Pskov governorship , later renamed the province . August 3, 1778 by decree of Catherine posad renamed the city approved his plan , and May 28, 1781 granted a coat of arms . According to the General Land Survey end of XVIII century . Chelm district occupied the area of 5616 square meters. miles, and according to the 1907 - 5763.4 m. miles. According to the 1897 census, the Universal county population was 88,157 people, including City Hill - 5894 people and on January 1, 1923 , respectively - 101 655 and 5846 people. First schools - district school , Nikolaev and Voskresenskoe parochial school appeared in Barrow in the early XIX century. In the post-reform era 60 - ies of the XIX century when Nicholas Resurrection schools were opened women's wards . Hill started shipping from down the Lovat to Novgorod and St. Petersburg . Walked along the river barges and polubarki laden forest, firewood, lumber , tar, charcoal, hay, oats , and other products . However, in the early XX century. in connection with the development of rail freight transport by Lovat decreased significantly , but after the revolution came to naught . ЗАКАЗАТЬ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЕ КАРТТеги:+ материалы по теме: Источник материала Свободная публикация материалов сайта при условии наличия ссылки на сайт. Здесь общение с автором проекта по вопросам рекламы, развития и поддержки проекта, обмена информацией, авторских прав - в контакты. Почта администратора сайта - evgeniy@fedoroff.net. Статья 29.4 Каждый имеет право свободно искать, получать, передавать, производить и распространять информацию любым законным способом. Перечень сведений, составляющих государственную тайну, определяется федеральным законом. © fedoroff.net | ||||||
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